Caring for Orchids - Care Advice about Phalaenopsis, Cambrian and Cymbidiums  

At this time of year, many people start hungering for the fresh colours and scents of the great outdoors. If you’re tired of the usual narcissus that you’ve had blooming since Christmas, it may be time to try your hand at growing orchids indoors. Follow our advice for successful orchid growing.

Orchids have a reputation for being difficult to cultivate, but with a little knowledge and by following our caring for orchids advice tips, you’ll find you can keep one alive fairly easily, as long as you give the plant what it wants and needs. And you don’t need a privately-endowed trust fund for the plants, either. Today, you can buy orchids at many discount home or gardening stores for not much more than other flowering houseplants.

The reason you can, is that most popular cultivated orchids are epiphytes, or air plants, which most often grow on trees or the surfaces of rocks. Their roots are usually exposed to air and get nutrients chiefly when it rains. As a result, these varieties are not grown in soil: they should be grown in pots full of tree bark, with some crumbled charcoal. (If you have a humid greenhouse, you can grow them attached to wood or cork plaques, but don’t try this in your windowsill just yet!)

Cymbidium Phalaenopsis

Caring for Orchids

There are many popular types of orchid, including Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, Oncidiums, vandas. Phalaenopsis,  which are popularly known as the “moth orchids,” are commonly recommended for most beginners. As testament to the great variety of orchids, there are over 70 species in the genus, and there are probably several thousand named hybrids. Currently this is the easiest one to find at the florist shop, the greenhouse, or the plant fair, and the one that most people immediately recognize as an orchid. Surprisingly, there is not much advice about caring for orchids.

First, when choosing an individual plant, look for clean, shiny leaves, and don’t worry if you see some roots out of the mix; the roots like being exposed to the air, and should look healthy and plump, not broken-up and spindly. Next, it is always best to buy a plant already in flower so you see what you are getting — this way you’ll see the colour and you’ll verify that you have a healthy, mature plant capable of having flowers.

Once you get the plant home, you need to make sure your phalaenopsis is happy with the amount of light it’s getting. Too much light, and the leaves will turn yellow; too little, and the leaves will be dark green, and the plant itself will start looking scrawny and won’t flower. Phalaenopsis prefer medium amounts of not-too-bright sunshine, as found in most east- or west-facing windows.

When Europeans first began cultivating orchids, they thought that because orchids were native to hot, humid climates, they had to have round-the-clock heat and humidity. In reality, like many other popular orchids, phalaenopsis are rather ideally suited to a bright window in a home in a temperate climate; they like daytime temperatures of about 80 degrees F, and night time temperatures of about 60 degrees. It’s the change in temperature that’s crucial for successfully growing most orchids; if there isn’t enough of a temperature drop at night, the orchids may not bloom. 

Phalaenopsis Orchids Advice

While phalaenopsis don’t need lots of heat, they do need a level of humidity that isn’t found in most homes outside of a rainforest. To supplement the humidity in your home, you can use a room humidifier, or a smaller humidifier that will just keep the area around the plants moist. Also, many indoor growers keep their orchids above a “humidity tray” instead of using saucers under the pots. The runoff from watering your plants goes into the tray and evaporates, providing extra humidity.

Try to keep your phalaenopsis watered. Don’t let the potting medium dry out completely, but water the plant whenever the medium gets to the point of being only slightly damp. That said, one of the most common ways of killing an orchid is by overwatering. To prevent this, check the weight of the pot every day. Right after you water, the pot should be heavy; when dry, the pot will be light. Note how long it takes for the pot to become dry and then water every few days as necessary. Small pots will dry out faster than larger ones. Since most home windowsills are not very humid, you should use plastic pots, which help retain moisture.

Most commercial orchid potting medium is made of tree bark mixed with charcoal and perlite chunks. If it turns out you suffer from the common inclination to overwater, you should use a coarser grade of mix when you re-pot. Overwatering will eventually kill your plant, since the roots will be robbed of the air they need.

Use houseplant food with a “balanced” ratio of 18 nitrogen, 18 phosphorous and 18 potassium, or any similar formula. Only use about ½ to ¼ the amount per gallon that is recommended on the package, since orchids don’t need as much of this food as other plants who are fed with this 18-18-18 mix.

If just a lone orchid sitting in the window isn’t decorative enough for you, put the pot in a pretty cachepot or jardinière to add visual interest. Always use a waterproof container! And make sure to put at least an inch of pebbles in the bottom so the plant won’t sit in water. (Better yet, take the plant and pot out of the decorative container when you water, and put it back after it has drained.)

Orchids grow well with other houseplants. Also, grouping plants attractively in the window has an unexpected benefit: extra humidity for the orchids!

Since orchids flower in a variety of colours, you’re sure to find a variety you can grow with a bloom that can complement the other accessories in your home.

Not only are orchids a lovely way to add colour to your home, but they also have a fascinating history. Starting about 4,000 years ago, the Chinese word for orchids--“lan”-- appeared in written texts about herbal medicine. Confucius wrote about orchids, comparing the pleasure of seeing good friends to entering a room full of fragrant orchids. Meanwhile, in Europe native terrestrial orchids were used as aphrodisiacs.

The 19th century European frenzy of exploration, combined with the growing Western interest in tropical orchids, drove orchid prices up and drove many people to explore the tropics to collect more of the exotic plants. Unfortunately, this collecting spree led to considerable orchid habitat destruction, and many species were probably lost forever as a result. Today, many orchidists - including the American Orchid Society - advocate the purchase of artificially propagated orchids, either meristem clones or seedlings, which will help discourage the collecting of orchid species at home and abroad.

The family of orchids is the largest plant family, with a great deal of variety as well, from miniatures such as Mystacidium caffrum to the 20-foot-tall Renanthera storei. Some orchids have tiny blooms smaller than a pinhead; others are bigger than an Easter lily. Some orchids bloom continuously, others bloom just once a year. Orchids are beautiful, interesting plants that are sure to enrich your life and bring a little tropical warmth into your winter home.

How to Grow and Care for Orchids when grown Indoors

Introduction into Growing Orchids

Orchids are a beautiful and exotic flower that can be grown indoors with the right care. They are a great way to add a touch of nature to any home or office. Growing orchids indoors requires a few key elements to ensure they thrive. The most important factor is humidity. Orchids need a humid environment to grow and bloom, so it is important to keep the humidity levels in the home or office at a consistent level. Temperature is also important for orchids. They prefer temperatures between 65-80 degrees Fahrenheit. Lastly, watering is essential for orchids. It is important to water them regularly, but not too much. Overwatering can cause the roots to rot, so it is important to find the right balance. With the right care and attention, orchids can be a beautiful addition to any home or office.

The History of Orchids in the UK

Orchids have been a popular flower in the UK for centuries, with records of their cultivation dating back to the 16th century. The Victorians were particularly fond of orchids, and they were often used as a symbol of wealth and status. Today, orchids are still popular in the UK, and many people enjoy growing them indoors.

When caring for orchids, it is important to remember that they require a lot of light and humidity. Orchids should be placed in a bright spot, but not in direct sunlight. They should also be watered regularly, but not too often. It is also important to fertilize orchids regularly, as this will help them to thrive. With the right care, orchids can be a beautiful addition to any home.

Orchids, belonging to the family Orchidaceae, are one of the most diverse and widespread families of flowering plants. They have a rich history that dates back millions of years. Researchers have traced the existence of orchids back to the Jurassic period, the Mesozoic era (195–136 million years ago), and the Cenozoic period (64 million years ago).

Orchids grow on every continent except Antarctica. Historical records indicate that their existence dates back as far as 500 BC in China, Greece, and Rome. In Asia, specifically in regions such as the Himalayas and the Philippines, certain species of orchids are native [^5^]. The evolution and diversification of orchids have always been a subject of fascination among botanists.

The Victorian era marked a significant point in the history of orchids. During this time, they were seen as symbols of beauty, elegance, and luxury in England. This period also marked the introduction of orchids to the UK.

In the UK, the wild orchid species include the Early Purple Orchid, Bee Orchid, Burnt Orchid, and Lady's Slipper Orchid, among others. These orchids are typically found in habitats ranging from chalk grasslands to woodland and even marshland areas.

The cultivation of orchids in the UK began around the 18th century. During this time, explorers and colonizers brought these exotic flowers from various parts of the world to the country [^7^]. One noteworthy figure in this regard is Nathaniel Bagshaw Ward, a 19th-century physician and botanist, who invented the Wardian case, a precursor to the modern terrarium. This invention allowed for the safe transportation of orchids and other plants over long distances.

Over time, orchids have gained great significance in various cultures and societies. In many cultures, they are seen as symbols of love, beauty, and strength. Today, they continue to be popular for their unique beauty and variety, with many orchid societies and clubs existing worldwide.

In conclusion, the history and origin of orchids are as fascinating as the plants themselves. From their ancient roots to their spread across the globe, orchids continue to captivate the hearts of plant enthusiasts everywhere.

A comprehensive list of the ten most common varieties of Orchids that are grown in the United Kingdom.

Based on my research, here are the ten most common varieties of Orchids that are grown in the United Kingdom:

• Cymbidium Orchids: Known for their long-lasting blooms and robust nature, they prefer cooler climates and are often grown outdoors in the UK. They typically bloom from late winter to early spring.
• Phalaenopsis Orchids (Moth Orchids): These are the most commonly grown houseplants in the UK. They prefer warm temperatures and high humidity. They can bloom at any time of the year, but mostly in late winter and early spring.
• Dactylorhiza (Common Spotted Orchid): This is the most common of all UK orchids and grows in many different habitats. It flowers from late spring to mid-summer.
• Gymnadenia (Fragrant Orchids): These orchids are known for their sweet scent and generally flower from June to August.
• Platanthera (Butterfly Orchids): These orchids prefer acidic soil and are usually found in grasslands. They typically bloom from late spring to early summer.
• Bee Orchid: Resembling a bee, this orchid is a popular choice among growers. It prefers well-drained soil and full sun exposure. The blooming season is usually in early summer.
• Early Purple Orchid: Flowering from April to June, these orchids prefer shady areas with rich, calcareous soils.
• Southern Marsh Orchid: Thriving in wet meadows and marshes, these orchids bloom from May to July.
• Northern Marsh Orchid: Similar to the Southern Marsh, they prefer wet habitats and bloom from late spring to early summer.
• Common Twayblade: Found in a variety of habitats, these orchids are easy to spot due to their two broad leaves. They usually flower from May to July.

When it comes to growing orchids in the UK, here are some general care tips:

Most orchids prefer bright but indirect sunlight. Too much direct sunlight can scorch their leaves.

Orchids generally prefer high humidity levels. You can increase humidity by placing the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water.

Watering needs vary depending on the type of orchid, but a good rule of thumb is to water once a week during the growing season and less frequently during dormancy.

Orchids need well-draining soil. Many orchids prefer a bark-based mix over traditional potting soil.

Regular feeding with a balanced orchid fertilizer will help support growth and flowering.

Ideal Environment for Growing Orchids Indoors

Growing orchids indoors can be a rewarding experience, but it requires the right environment to ensure they thrive. Orchids are tropical plants, so they need a warm, humid environment to stay healthy. The ideal temperature for orchids is between 65-80 degrees Fahrenheit, and the humidity should be kept between 50-70%. To maintain the right temperature and humidity, you can use a humidifier or place the orchid near a window with a sheer curtain.

When it comes to light, orchids need bright, indirect sunlight. Place the orchid near a window that gets plenty of light, but make sure it’s not in direct sunlight. Too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to burn. If you don’t have access to natural light, you can use a grow light to provide the right amount of light for your orchid.

By providing the right temperature, humidity, and light, you can create an ideal environment for growing orchids indoors. With the right care and attention, you can enjoy the beauty of orchids in your home for years to come.

Selecting the Right Potting Mix and Fertilizer for Growing Orchids

• - Potting mix
• - Fertilizer
• - Well-draining
• - Humidity

When it comes to growing orchids indoors, selecting the right potting mix and fertilizer is essential for success. Orchids require a well-draining potting mix that is specifically designed for orchids. This type of potting mix is usually composed of bark, perlite, and sphagnum moss. It should also be light and airy, allowing for plenty of oxygen to reach the roots. Additionally, orchids need a fertilizer that is specifically designed for them. This type of fertilizer should be low in nitrogen and high in phosphorus and potassium. It should also be applied at half the recommended strength and used every two weeks during the growing season. Finally, orchids need a humid environment to thrive. To increase the humidity, you can mist the leaves or place the pot on a tray of wet pebbles. With the right potting mix and fertilizer, you can ensure your orchids will be healthy and happy.

General Care Instructions for Orchids

Orchids are a beautiful and exotic flower that can be grown indoors with the right care. To ensure your orchids thrive, it is important to provide them with the right temperature, humidity, water, and fertilizer.

When it comes to temperature, orchids prefer temperatures between 65-75 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and 10-15 degrees cooler at night. If the temperature drops too low, the orchid may become stressed and its growth may be stunted.

Humidity is also important for orchids. They prefer a humidity level of around 50-70%. If the humidity is too low, the orchid may become dry and brittle. To increase the humidity, you can mist the orchid with water or place a humidifier nearby.

Orchids should be watered once a week, but the amount of water will depend on the type of orchid and the environment. Generally, it is best to water the orchid until the water runs out of the bottom of the pot.

Finally, orchids should be fertilized every two weeks with a balanced fertilizer. This will help the orchid to grow and bloom. Be sure to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package for the best results.

By following these general care instructions, you can ensure that your orchids will thrive when grown indoors. With the right temperature, humidity, water, and fertilizer, you can enjoy the beauty of orchids in your home.

Common Issues and Solutions when Growing Orchids

Growing orchids indoors can be a rewarding experience, but it can also be a challenge. It is important to understand the needs of your orchid in order to ensure it thrives. Temperature, humidity, watering, and fertilizing are all key factors in the success of your orchid.

Temperature is an important factor when growing orchids indoors. Orchids prefer temperatures between 65-80 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and 10-15 degrees cooler at night. If the temperature is too low, the orchid will not bloom. If the temperature is too high, the orchid will suffer from heat stress.

Humidity is also important for orchids. Orchids prefer humidity levels between 40-60%. If the humidity is too low, the orchid will suffer from dehydration. If the humidity is too high, the orchid can suffer from root rot.

Watering is also essential for orchids. Orchids should be watered once a week, but the frequency may vary depending on the type of orchid and the environment. Overwatering can cause root rot, so it is important to make sure the soil is dry before watering.

Fertilizing is also important for orchids. Orchids should be fertilized every two weeks with a balanced fertilizer. It is important to use a fertilizer specifically designed for orchids, as other fertilizers can cause damage to the plant.

By understanding the needs of your orchid and providing the right temperature, humidity, watering, and fertilizing, you can ensure your orchid thrives indoors. With the right care, you can enjoy the beauty of your orchid for years to come.

The Common Diseases and Pests which Affect Orchids

Growing orchids indoors can be a rewarding experience, but it is important to be aware of the common diseases and pests which can affect them. Orchids are susceptible to a variety of diseases, including bacterial and fungal infections, as well as pests such as mealybugs, aphids, and scale. To prevent these issues, it is important to keep the orchid in a well-ventilated area and to water it regularly. Additionally, it is important to inspect the orchid for signs of disease or pests, such as discolored leaves or spots, and to take action if any are found. If the orchid is infected, it is important to remove the affected parts of the plant and to treat the orchid with an appropriate fungicide or pesticide. With proper care and prevention, orchids can be grown indoors with minimal risk of disease or pest infestation.

Orchids are susceptible to a variety of diseases and pests. Here's a list of some common ones and how to treat them:

• Black Rot (Phytophthora and Pythium): This is a fungal disease that can cause blackened, water-soaked spots on leaves, pseudobulbs, and roots. It spreads quickly and can kill orchids within a week. Fungicides containing metalaxyl or mefenoxam can be used to treat this disease. To prevent it, ensure your orchids have good air circulation, avoid overwatering, and sterilize your tools between plants.
• Botrytis (Botrytis cinerea): This is another fungal disease that causes brown spots on flowers. It thrives in cool, humid conditions. To treat, remove affected flowers and apply a fungicide. To prevent it, reduce humidity around your orchids and ensure they have good air circulation.
• Orchid Viruses: Orchid viruses cause a variety of symptoms, including mosaic patterns on leaves, color breaking in flowers, and stunted growth. There's no cure for viral diseases; infected plants should be discarded to prevent the virus from spreading. To prevent viruses, always use sterilized tools and avoid touching the sap of one plant and then another without washing your hands.
• Scale Insects: These pests suck the sap from orchids, causing yellow spots, wilting, and stunted growth. They can be treated by wiping the plant with a soft cloth soaked in insecticidal soap or an alcohol solution (one part alcohol to three parts water). To prevent scale, regularly inspect your orchids and isolate any new plants until you're sure they're pest-free.
• Mealybugs: Mealybugs are small, white insects that feed on orchid sap, causing yellow leaves and stunted growth. They can be treated by dabbing individual bugs with a cotton swab soaked in alcohol or spraying the plant with insecticidal soap. To prevent mealybugs, regularly inspect your plants and isolate any new plants until you're sure they're bug-free.
• Spider Mites: These tiny pests feed on the underside of leaves, causing yellow spots or silvery discoloration. They can be treated with miticides or insecticidal soap. To prevent spider mites, keep the humidity high around your orchids, as mites prefer dry conditions.
• Aphids: Aphids are small, green or black insects that suck sap from orchids, leading to distorted growth and sooty mold. They can be treated with insecticidal soap or neem oil. To prevent aphids, regularly inspect your orchids and isolate any new plants until you're sure they're pest-free.

In general, prevention is the best way to keep your orchids healthy. This includes providing the right growing conditions, regularly inspecting your plants for signs of disease or pests, isolating new plants until you're sure they're disease and pest-free, and always using sterilized tools.

Tips and Tricks for Creating an Aesthetically Pleasing Display of Orchids

• - Humidity:
• - Temperature: When it comes to growing and caring for orchids indoors, there are a few key elements to consider. First, orchids need a specific temperature and humidity level to thrive. The ideal temperature range for orchids is between 65-75 degrees Fahrenheit, and the humidity should be kept between 40-50%. To maintain these levels, you can use a humidifier or place your orchids in a tray of pebbles and water.
• - Light: Second, orchids need the right amount of light. Orchids should be placed in a spot that gets bright, indirect sunlight. If you don’t have access to natural sunlight, you can use a grow light to provide the necessary light for your orchids.
• - Water: Finally, orchids need to be watered regularly. The best way to water your orchids is to use lukewarm water and let it soak into the soil. You should also avoid overwatering your orchids, as this can cause root rot.

By following these tips and tricks, you can create an aesthetically pleasing display of orchids in your home. With the right temperature, humidity, light, and water, your orchids will thrive and bring beauty to your home.

The Best Propagation Methods of the Orchids

Orchids are a beautiful and exotic flower that can be grown indoors with the right care and propagation methods. Propagation is the process of creating new plants from existing ones, and it is the best way to grow orchids. The most common propagation method for orchids is division, which involves separating the plant into two or more parts. This method is best done when the orchid is actively growing and has multiple stems. When dividing the orchid, make sure to use a sharp knife and cut the roots and stems cleanly.

Sure, let's delve into the process of dividing orchids, which is a common method used to propagate mature plants. This guide will be particularly helpful for Sympodial orchids like Cattleyas, Dendrobiums, and Oncidiums, which grow along a horizontal rhizome.

• Step 1: Prepare your tools and workspace You will need:
  • A pair of sharp, sterilized pruning shears or a knife
  • Rubbing alcohol or a 10% bleach solution for sterilizing tools
  • A clean, flat workspace
  • New pots for the divisions
  • Orchid potting mix

  Ensure your tools are clean to prevent the spread of disease. Sterilize your cutting tool by wiping it with rubbing alcohol or soaking it in a 10% bleach solution for about 20 minutes, then rinse and dry.

• Step 2: Remove the orchid from its container and examine the roots Carefully remove the orchid from its pot, trying not to damage the roots. Brush off any old potting mix that clings to the roots and inspect them closely. Healthy roots should be firm and white or green, while unhealthy roots will be brown, mushy, and may have an unpleasant smell.
• Step 3: Identify any natural divisions in the plant Look for 'pseudobulbs', the swollen stems where the orchid stores water and nutrients. Each division you make should have at least two or three healthy pseudobulbs.
• Step 4: Using clean shears, separate the orchid plant into smaller pieces Cut through the rhizome (the thick stem that connects the pseudobulbs) to create divisions. Make sure each division has a good set of roots and at least one leafy growth or 'lead' that will produce new shoots.
• Step 5: Ensure each division has healthy roots and leaves After making your cuts, check each division. Trim off any dead or diseased roots with your sterilized shears. Each division should have some healthy roots and at least one pseudobulb with leaves.
• Step 6: Choose appropriately sized pots for the divisions The new pot should only be slightly larger than the root mass of the division. Orchids like to be snug in their pots. Make sure the pot has good drainage.
• Step 7: Repot the divisions Fill the pot partially with fresh orchid mix, place the division in the pot so that the youngest pseudobulb is furthest from the edge, and fill in around the roots with more mix. The junction between the roots and the pseudobulbs (the 'rhizome') should be at the surface of the mix, not buried.
• Step 8: Care for the new plants Water the newly potted divisions well, then let them dry out before watering again. Provide bright, indirect light and maintain high humidity. Keep an eye out for new growth as a sign that your orchid is settling into its new home.

Remember, patience is key when propagating orchids. It may take several months to a year for divisions to establish themselves and bloom.

Once the orchid is divided, it is important to provide the right environment for it to thrive. Orchids need to be watered regularly, but not too often. Watering should be done when the soil is dry to the touch, and the plant should be watered until the water runs out of the bottom of the pot. Additionally, orchids need high humidity levels to stay healthy, so it is important to mist the leaves regularly. With the right care and propagation methods, orchids can be grown indoors and enjoyed for many years.

In conclusion, growing and caring for orchids indoors can be a rewarding and enjoyable experience. With the right environment, potting mix, fertilizer, and care instructions, you can create a beautiful display of orchids in your home. Additionally, understanding the common diseases and pests that affect orchids, as well as the best propagation methods, can help you to ensure that your orchids remain healthy and vibrant. With the right knowledge and dedication, you can become an expert in growing and caring for orchids indoors. So, why not give it a try?

Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ Questions and Answers:

Q: What is the best environment for growing orchids indoors?

A: Orchids prefer a warm, humid environment with plenty of indirect sunlight. The ideal temperature range for orchids is between 65-75°F (18-24°C).

Q: What type of potting mix should I use for my orchids?

A: Orchids need a well-draining potting mix that is specifically designed for orchids. A good mix should contain a combination of bark, perlite, and sphagnum moss.

Q: How often should I water my orchids?

A: Orchids should be watered once a week, or when the top inch of soil is dry. It is important to avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot.

Q: What type of fertilizer should I use for my orchids?

A: Orchids need a balanced fertilizer that is specifically designed for orchids. A good fertilizer should contain a combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

Q: What are some common issues and solutions when growing orchids?

A: Common issues when growing orchids include root rot, yellowing leaves, and pests. To prevent root rot, make sure to water your orchids only when the top inch of soil is dry. To prevent yellowing leaves, make sure to provide your orchids with plenty of indirect sunlight. To prevent pests, make sure to inspect your orchids regularly for signs of infestation.

Q: What are the best propagation methods for orchids?

A: The best propagation methods for orchids include division, stem cuttings, and seed propagation. Division is the process of separating an orchid into two or more plants. Stem cuttings involve taking a cutting from an existing orchid and planting it in a new pot. Seed propagation involves collecting and planting orchid seeds.

Q: What are the common diseases and pests which affect orchids?

A: Common diseases and pests which affect orchids include root rot, fungal diseases, and pests such as mealybugs, aphids, and scale. To prevent these issues, make sure to inspect your orchids regularly for signs of infestation and provide them with the proper care and environment.

 

Below are some other page links for caring for orchids.
Oncidium Orchids : x Ascocenda Orchids : Dendrobium Orchids : Vanda Orchids